Bronze is an alloy of copper to which tin, zinc and lead are added to achieve particular physical properties. 

Historically, it was the first metal used in casting. It is a valve material that can be used for a wide range of applications.

(Brass)

Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc. It has excellent forgeability and machinability and is more economical than bronze.

(Cast iron)

Cast iron has a long history that dates back hundreds of years and is mainly employed for low-pressure,

low-temperature applications. Cast iron valves are commonly used for a wide range of applications, 

including air-conditioning and plumbing in buildings, fire fighting equipment, water and sewer lines and utility systems in various industrial plants.

(Ductile cast iron)

A ductile valve is a valve that is primarily manufactured using ductile iron, which is iron that contains spheroidized free carbon known as graphite. 

The high percentage of graphite nodules present in ductile iron gives it better mechanical properties than other varieties of cast iron. 

The mechanical properties of ductile cast iron are much more suitable for the construction of valves than those of malleable iron due to the different spheroidizing processes employed. 

Ductile iron valves are widely used for steam, water, gas and oil applications in a variety of industrial fields.

(Stainless steel)

Because of its excellent corrosion resistance and durability, this material is commonly used in a wide spectrum of applications, 

ranging from the petrochemical industry to general plant systems.